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研究了碳酸钙(CaCO_3)和一种自制钙盐(CaOr)对HTPB/AP/Al推进剂燃烧性能和常温力学性能的影响,采用DSC-TG和SEM方法对比研究了CaOr、CaCO_3对AP热分解的影响,及含两种化合物的推进剂熄火表面形貌。结果表明,在3~17 MPa压强范围内,CaCO_3和CaOr均能有效降低HTPB/AP/Al推进剂的燃速和压强指数,CaOr比CaCO_3具有更好的燃速抑制效果,在高压段内的压强指数可降为0.17,达到平台推进剂水平。CaOr的加入使AP两个阶段的分解放热峰均向高温方向移动,CaCO_3对AP的低温分解峰没有影响,使AP的高温分解峰推迟。CaOr的降速效果优于CaCO_3的主要原因是其推迟了AP的低温分解峰,同时改变了AP的热分解历程,且在凝聚相中的分散性更好。
The effects of CaCO_3 and CaOr on the combustion performance and mechanical properties at room temperature of HTPB / AP / Al propellants were studied. The effects of CaOr and CaCO_3 on the thermal decomposition of AP were studied by DSC-TG and SEM. And the flame retardant surface morphology of two propellants. The results show that both CaCO 3 and CaOr can effectively reduce the burning rate and pressure exponent of HTPB / AP / Al propellants in the pressure range of 3 ~ 17 MPa. CaOr has a better burning rate inhibition effect than CaCO 3. The pressure index can be reduced to 0.17, reaching the level of platform propellant. The addition of CaOr caused the exothermic peak of decomposition in both stages of AP to move toward the high temperature. CaCO_3 had no effect on the peak of low temperature decomposition of AP, delayed the peak of pyrolysis of AP. The main reason that CaOr is superior to CaCO 3 in decelerating speed is that it delayed the low temperature decomposition peak of AP and changed the thermal decomposition course of AP at the same time, and the dispersion in the condensed phase is better.