当前世界上人类面临的粮食、人口、能源、自然资源和环境保护都直接和间接地涉及到水资源问题。人口的增加 ,造成生活、农业、工业和其他方面对水资源数量需求的急剧增长。各产业的发展又给自然界的水分循环、水量平衡和水污染等方面带来了新的问题 ,进而影响到生态系统的平衡 ,环境质量的下降。因此 ,无论是从当前 ,还是长远的利益来看 ,对水资源的合理利用和深入研究都具有重大的理论与实际意义 The current world human food, population, energy, natural resources and environmental protection are directly and indirectly related to the issue of water resources. The increase in population has resulted in a dramatic increase in the demand for water resources in the areas of life, agriculture, industry and others. The development of various industries has brought new problems to the natural world in terms of water cycle, water balance and water pollution, which in turn affects the balance of ecosystems and the decline of environmental quality. Therefore, both in the current and long-term interests, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to make rational use of water resources and conduct in-depth research