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目的探讨儿童急性下呼吸道感染(LRTI)不同病原与喘息、特应质之间的关系。方法 LRTI患儿入院后立即吸取鼻咽分泌物,进行多病原联合检测,明确RSV、hMPV、MP、CP感染。部分患儿同时血清筛查食物及吸入过敏原。结果喘息率RSV感染组最高,MP感染组最低,分别为71.8%和25.2%。喘息性和非喘息性LRTI患儿过敏原阳性率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而喘息性LRTI患儿以吸入过敏原阳性多见,非喘息性LRTI患儿食物过敏原阳性较多。无论喘息或非喘息性LRTI患儿过敏原阳性率都随年龄的增加而升高,>3岁的喘息患儿过敏原阳性率明显高于非喘息组(P<0.05)。不同病原感染伴有喘息的患儿与机体特应质之间无相关性。结论小儿喘息与感染病原关系密切,尤其是RSV感染;吸入过敏原阳性是小儿喘息的重要危险因素;不同病原引起的喘息与患儿过敏体质无关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between different pathogens and asthmatic and atopic quality in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Methods Children with LRTI were admitted to the hospital immediately after taking nasopharyngeal secretions for joint detection of multiple pathogens, clear RSV, hMPV, MP, CP infection. Some children also serum at the same time screening for food and allergens. Results The wheezing rate was the highest in RSV infection group and the lowest in MP infection group, 71.8% and 25.2% respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of allergens between wheezing and non wheezing children with LRTI (P> 0.05), but wheezing was more common in asthmatic children with inhaled allergens and non-wheezy LRTI children with allergens were more positive many. The positive rate of allergen in wheezing or non wheezing LRTI children increased with age, and the positive rate of allergen in asthmatic children> 3 years old was significantly higher than that in non wheezing group (P <0.05). There is no correlation between children with different pathogenic infections and wheezing and extra-telangiectasia. Conclusions Infantile wheezing is closely related to the pathogen of infection, especially RSV infection. Positive allergen inhalation is an important risk factor for wheezing in children. Wheezing caused by different pathogens has nothing to do with children with allergy.