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土家族聚居的鄂、湘、渝、黔毗邻地区,均属山区。这里山岭亘阻,沟壑纵横,长期以来,山外的人们对这里的戏曲活动知之甚少。然而,早在1703年,清代名剧《桃花扇》就被容美(今湖北省鹤峰土家族自治县)的土司戏班搬上舞台。这令孔尚任颇有感触,并在《桃花扇本末》里留下了一段文字:
Tujia neighborhood Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Guizhou adjacent areas are mountainous. Mountain here through the resistance, ravines, for a long time, outside the mountains of people know little drama activities. However, as late as 1703, the famous peach fan in the Qing Dynasty was brought to the stage by the Tusi troupe of Rongmei (now Hefeng Tujia Autonomous County, Hubei Province). This makes Kong Shang Ren quite touching, and in the “Peach Fan Benmo” left a passage: