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一、关于“孤独的常态”人们认为“孤独”不好,往往是因为对“孤独”的恐惧。传统的精神科医学将“孤独”视为一种病态,“按照这一传统的见解,亲密的人际关系是精神健全的最重要标志,反之,一个成人倘若缺乏建立亲密的人际关系的能力,便表明他的精神成熟进程受阻,亦即存在着某种心理疾患,需要加以治疗。”[1]在西方历史上,荷马于《伊利亚特》中将孤独之人视为自然的弃物;亚里士多德在《政治学》中断言人是最适合群居的动物,对“孤独”
First, on the “normal” lonely “People think ” loneliness “is not good, often because of ” loneliness “fear. Traditional psychiatry regards ”loneliness “ as a pathological condition. ”According to this traditional wisdom, intimate relationships are the most important hallmarks of mental well-being. Conversely, if an adult lacks the ability to establish close personal relationships Ability, it shows that his mental maturation process is impeded, that is, there is a certain psychological disorder that needs treatment. “[1] In Western history, Homer considered the lonely person in the Iliad Of the abandoned; Aristotle in Political Science assert that people are the most suitable group of animals, the ”lonely"