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近自然植被恢复是陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区生态修复的主要方法.为了使人工整地等近自然植被恢复方法更为科学,选取陕北吴起县0.12km2的阴坡和0.06km2的阳坡作为研究区,利用相关分析与方差分析等方法比较黄土坡面缓台、陡坎、切沟和塌陷微地形上乔木树种的树高、胸径和枯落物厚度等生长指标及树种组成结构.结果表明,(1)阴坡所有树种的生长指标与坡位指数呈显著正相关,与坡度指数呈显著负相关;阳坡所有树种的树高、枯落物厚度与坡度指数呈显著负相关;(2)同一树种在不同微地形上的生长差异显著,相对陡坎,缓台与切沟上树种的生长状况较好;(3)阴坡造林陡坎以榆树、缓台以山杏、切沟以刺槐为宜,缓台和切沟可混交小叶杨、杜梨等树种,阳坡造林缓台以刺槐、切沟以榆树、陡坎以山杏为宜.
Nearly natural vegetation restoration is the main method of ecological restoration in loess hilly and gully regions of Northern Shaanxi.In order to make the method of restoration of near natural vegetation such as artificial soil preparation more scientific, the shady slope of 0.12km2 and the sunny slope of 0.06km2 in Wuqi County of northern Shaanxi were chosen as the study area , The correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the tree height, diameter at breast height and litter thickness and the tree species composition of the tree species on the gentle terrace, scarp ridge, 1) There was a significant positive correlation between growth index and slope index of all tree species on the shady slope, and significant negative correlation with slope index. The tree height, litter thickness and slope index of all tree species on the sunny slope were negatively correlated; (2) The growth of tree species on different microtopography is significantly different from that on the relatively steep ridge, and the growth status of the tree species on the epoch and the ditch is good. (3) Appropriate, gentle Taiwan and cutting ditch can be mixed with Populus trichocarpa, Du pear and other tree species, slope afforestation slope to acacia, cut ditch elm, scarp to apricot appropriate.