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研究电爆炸丝演化过程对于理解丝爆物理机制和纳米粉体生成机制具有重要意义。该文采用马赫曾德(Mach-Zehnder)激光干涉法对金属钛丝在空气中的电爆炸过程进行诊断,环境气体气压为适宜纳米粉体制备的气压,范围为几～几百kPa。诊断结果表明,钛丝存在两种电爆炸模式:多次喷发模式和一次喷发模式。环境气体气压决定了钛丝的电爆炸模式,当环境气压较低(如为10kPa左右)时,因钛丝沿面击穿过早终止了钛丝的焦耳加热过程,钛丝中沉积能量远低于钛丝完全汽化所需能量,钛丝不能一次性完全汽化,其材料将采用多次喷发模式汽化;随着环境气压升高,如接近或高于50kPa时,钛丝沿面击穿时刻推迟,从而使钛丝中沉积能量接近甚至高于完全汽化所需能量,钛丝材料将一次性喷发完毕。
Studying the evolution process of electric explosive wire is of great significance for understanding the physical mechanism of wire explosion and the mechanism of nano-powder formation. In this paper, Mach-Zehnder laser interferometry is used to diagnose the electric explosion process of metal titanium wire in air. The pressure of ambient gas is the pressure suitable for the preparation of nanopowders, ranging from several hundreds to several hundred kPa. Diagnostic results show that there are two kinds of titanium wire electric explosion mode: multiple eruption mode and a mode of eruption. Ambient gas pressure determines the electrical explosion mode of the titanium wire. When the ambient pressure is low (for example, about 10 kPa), the Joule heating process of the titanium wire is terminated prematurely due to the breakdown of the titanium wire. The deposition energy in the titanium wire is far below Titanium wire completely vaporized energy required, titanium wire can not be a one-time complete vaporization, the material will be used multiple eruption mode vaporization; with the ambient pressure, such as close to or higher than 50kPa, titanium surface breakdown time is delayed, thus Titanium wire deposited in the energy close to or even higher than the total energy required for vaporization, titanium wire material will be a one-time eruption completed.