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二肽基肽酶样蛋白-6（DPPX）抗体相关脑炎是一种由血清和（或）脑脊液中DPPX抗体介导的新型自身免疫性脑炎，临床表现具有异质性，体重下降和（或）胃肠功能障碍（主要为腹泻）、认知-精神异常和中枢神经过度兴奋三联征为本病的典型表现，脑磁共振成像多无特异性改变，免疫治疗可改善症状但容易复发。“,”Dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX) antibody-associated encephalitis, mediated by DPPX antibodies in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid, is a novel autoimmune encephalitis. It presents with multifocal and diverse neurological disorders characterized by the triad of prodromal weight loss and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea predominately), cognitive-mental dysfunction, and central nervous system hyperexcitability. Brain magnetic resonance imaging shows non-specific abnormalities. Immunotherapy can result in clinical improvements, but the disease is prone to relapse.