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目的了解广州市7岁以下儿童重度非故意伤害流行特征及影响因素,为开展针对性预防干预提供依据。方法收集2011-2014年广州市妇幼信息监测系统中7岁以下儿童非故意伤害网络数据,对儿童非故意伤害发生状况进行描述性分析,对重度非故意伤害进行影响因素分析。结果共收集儿童非故意伤害报告卡15 426份,其中发生重度伤害的儿童1 638例,重度与非重度伤害发生比例为1∶8.4。重度非故意伤害中男女童比例为1.9∶1。重度伤害发生率随儿童年龄的增加而增加,3~6岁学龄前期发生重度伤害1 342例,占重度伤害发生人群的81.3%。重度非故意伤害主要类型按发生例数及构成比顺位依次是:跌伤(1 156例,70.4%)、交通道路伤(145例,8.8%)、烧烫伤(135例,8.2%)、器械伤(99例,6.0%)以及动物伤害(47例,2.9%)。男童与女童相比发生严重伤害的风险较高,3~6岁相对于0~1岁发生严重伤害的风险更高,单亲家庭相对于核心家庭、公共场所相对于家庭环境发生重度伤害概率较高,OR(95%CI)分别为0.139(0.021~0.271)、1.405(1.126~1.587)、1.543(1.292~1.821)、1.475(1.239~1.654)。幼儿园相对于家庭环境发生重度伤害的风险较低,OR(95%CI)为0.672(0.511~0.834)。结论重度非故意伤害发生给儿童及家庭带来极大危害,需成为政府和社会最为关注的项目进行干预。应在健康教育的基础上,以创建儿童安全成长环境为目标,推进相关法律法规的建立和实行。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of severe unintentional injuries in children under 7 years of age in Guangzhou and provide the basis for targeted prevention and treatment. Methods The data of unintentional injuries among children under 7 years of age from 2011 to 2014 in Guangzhou Maternal and Child Information Monitoring System were collected. Descriptive analysis of the status of unintentional injuries among children was carried out, and the influencing factors of severe unintentional injuries were analyzed. Results A total of 15 426 reports of unintentional injuries were collected from children, including 1 638 children with severe injuries and 1 to 8.4 with severe and non-severe injuries. Severe unintentional injuries in boys and girls ratio of 1.9: 1. The incidence of severe injuries increased with the increase of children’s age. There were 1 342 severe injuries in pre-school age 3-6 years, accounting for 81.3% of those with severe injuries. The main types of severe unintentional injuries were fall injuries (1 156 cases, 70.4%), traffic road injuries (145 cases, 8.8%), burns (135 cases, 8.2%), Instrument injuries (99 cases, 6.0%) and animal injuries (47 cases, 2.9%). There is a higher risk of serious injury among boys and girls, with a higher risk of serious injury between 3 and 6 years of age compared with 0 to 1 years of age, and a greater probability of severe injuries among single-parent families relative to core families and public places relative to family environment OR (95% CI) were 0.139 (0.021-0.271), 1.405 (1.126-1.587), 1.543 (1.292-1.821) and 1.475 (1.239-1.654), respectively. The risk of serious injury to kindergartens relative to family settings was low, with OR (95% CI) of 0.672 (0.511-0.834). Conclusions Severe unintentional injuries cause great harm to children and families and need to be interfered with by the government and the society that are most concerned about. On the basis of health education, we should set the goal of creating a safe and healthy environment for children and promote the establishment and implementation of relevant laws and regulations.