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谷物真菌毒素主要是作物在生长阶段或者谷物存放过程中受到真菌感染而由真菌产生的次生代谢产物。被真菌毒素污染的食物和饲料对人和动物具有严重的急慢性毒性,因此研究去除毒素污染的途径,将有效保障谷物类产品的食用安全。本文综述了控制毒素产生的策略,及各种真菌毒素去除方法,主要包括控制真菌生长以减少毒素的产生,利用物理去除、化学吸附方法去除毒素,以及通过化学分解或酶促降解毒素等,并分析了这些方法的应用前景。
Cereals Mycotoxins are primarily secondary metabolites produced by fungi that are infected by fungi during the growth stage or during grain storage. Food and feed contaminated with mycotoxins have severe acute and chronic toxicity to humans and animals. Therefore, studying ways of removing toxins from contaminants will effectively ensure the food safety of cereal products. This article reviews strategies for controlling toxin production and various mycotoxin removal methods, including controlling fungal growth to reduce the production of toxins, physical removal, chemical adsorption to remove toxins, and chemical decomposition or enzymatic degradation of toxins, etc. The application prospects of these methods are analyzed.