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新中国建立以来,司法制度的发展大致经历了初步建立、快速发展、遭遇挫折、恢复重建、稳步推进等几个阶段。上个世纪80年代末,司法改革因应现实的需要而被启动,现正逐步走向深入。迄今为止的司法改革尽管取得了许多实质性的进展,但对司法改革的出发点、目标及内容等仍有必要进行反思。我国当前的司法制度仍然存在一些根本性的问题,突出地表现在法官的非职业化、司法的行政化和司法的地方化。司法改革承担着巩固和推进我国经济市场化、政治民主化和治国法治化的重要使命。未来的司法改革应当将构建独立、中立、公正、高效、权威的法院作为司法建设的目标,并应针对所存在的问题进一步完善司法程序,推进我国的法治进程不断向前发展。
Since the founding of New China, the development of the judicial system has undergone several stages of initial establishment, rapid development, setbacks, restoration and reconstruction, and steady progress. In the late 1980s, the judicial reform was launched in response to the real needs and is now gradually deepening. Although substantive progress has been made in judiciary reform to date, it is still necessary to reflect on the starting point, objectives and content of judicial reform. The current judicial system in our country still contains some fundamental problems, which are highlighted in the non-professionalization of judges, the administration of the judiciary and the localization of the judiciary. Judicial reform takes the important mission of consolidating and promoting China’s marketization of the economy, democratization of politics and rule of law in the country. In the future judicial reform, the goal of building an independent, neutral, impartial, efficient and authoritative court should be taken as the goal of judicial construction. Judicial procedures should be further perfected in light of the existing problems so as to promote the progress of the rule of law in our country.