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目的了解糖尿病导致听力损害的特征,探讨其发病的相关危险因素。方法选择T2DM患者(T2DM组)88例及健康体检者(Con组)56名,检测纯音测听阈值,比较两组听力的差异。结果 T2DM组和Con组听力损害的发生率分别为68.2%和28.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。T2DM组男性听力损害的发生率高于女性(61.7%vs 38.3%,P<0.05),而Con组不同性别间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。T2DM组在所测试各个频率听力均有下降,高频听力下降更明显(P<0.001)。T2DM组高频听力损害的发生率为45.4%(40/88),同时合并中低频听力损害发生率为17%(15/88),仅存在中低频听力损害发生率为1.1%(1/88)。结论 T2DM患者听力损害的比例较高,以高频听力损害为主,男性多见。
Objective To understand the characteristics of diabetes leading to hearing loss and to explore the related risk factors of its pathogenesis. Methods Totally 88 T2DM patients (T2DM group) and 56 healthy subjects (Con group) were selected. The threshold of pure tone audiometry was detected and the differences between the two groups were compared. Results The incidence of hearing loss in T2DM group and Con group was 68.2% and 28.6%, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The incidence of male hearing impairment in T2DM group was higher than that in female group (61.7% vs 38.3%, P <0.05), while there was no significant difference in Con group between different sexes (P> 0.05). The T2DM group had decreased hearing at all frequencies tested, and the hearing loss at high frequency was more pronounced (P <0.001). The incidence of high-frequency hearing loss in T2DM group was 45.4% (40/88), while the incidence of hearing impairment in middle-low frequency group was 17% (15/88), while the incidence of hearing loss in low-frequency group was only 1.1% (1/88 ). Conclusions The proportion of hearing loss in T2DM patients is high, mainly in high frequency hearing loss, which is more common in males.