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目的研究运动是否对少女月经初潮年龄产生影响。方法于2008年3~11月,按整群分层抽样原则,选取浙江省部分城镇的31所中学在读的初中一~三年级女生,共7 472名。使用自行设计的《青少年青春发育调查表》,根据女生平均每天运动时间长短等情况,将调查对象分成两组,运动组:共535人,平均运动时间≥1.5 h/d,并已坚持1年以上;非运动组:运动时间不符合以上条件的学生,共6 937人。统计各组的平均初潮年龄(MMA)。结果运动组与非运动组女生月经初潮平均年龄分别为12.59岁和12.21岁,两组月经初潮平均年龄经统计比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论运动组女生月经初潮平均年龄迟于非运动组女生约4~5月龄(0.38岁),正常范围内的月经初潮年龄推迟,更有利女生身心均衡发育。
Objective To study whether exercise has an impact on the age of girl’s menarche. Methods From March to November 2008, according to the principle of stratified cluster sampling, a total of 7 472 girls were enrolled in the first to third grade of 31 middle schools in some cities and towns in Zhejiang Province. Using self-designed questionnaire of adolescent youth development, the subjects were divided into two groups based on the average daily exercise duration of female students. The exercise group consisted of 535 participants with an average exercise time of ≥1.5 h / d, and had persisted for one year Non-exercise group: a total of 6 937 students who did not meet the above conditions. The mean menarche age (MMA) of each group was calculated. Results The average age of menarche in exercise group and non-exercise group was 12.59 and 12.21 years respectively. The average age of menarche in both groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The mean menarche age of female athletes in exercise group is about 4 ~ 5 months (0.38 years) later than that of non-exercise female students. The menarche age in the normal range is delayed and the balanced development of female students is more favorable.