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目的:采用多倍体育种技术对金铁锁进行多倍体诱导试验,以期获得金铁锁多倍体植株。方法:在组织培养条件下,利用秋水仙素作为诱导剂,对二倍体组培苗进行诱导,比较不同预培养时间和不同处理浓度、不同处理时间下秋水仙素对金铁锁进行染色体加倍的诱导效果。结果:金铁锁茎段在分化培养基上预培养3 d后,再在附加有40 mg/L秋水仙素的分化培养基中处理2 d的诱导效果最佳,其变异率达到19.05%。金铁锁多倍性植株“同质化”处理的最佳次数为5次。对获得的经形态观察初筛的变异植株根尖进行染色体计数后发现,变异植株根尖细胞染色体为2n=4X=56,为四倍体。未加倍的植株染色体为2n=2X=28,为二倍体。观察中也发现有少数变异植株根尖同时存在有28和56条染色体的细胞,为嵌合体。结论:利用组织培养结合秋水仙素的方法,在短期内可获得较多纯合的金铁锁多倍体植株。
OBJECTIVE: To study the polyploid induction of Jintiezhixiao by using polyploidy technique in order to obtain the polyploidy of Jintiezhixiao. Methods: Under the conditions of tissue culture, using colchicine as inducing agent, the diploid tissue culture seedlings were induced to compare the different pre-culture time and different treatment concentrations, and the colchicine induced the chromosome doubling in different treatment time effect. Results: After the stems were preincubated for 3 days on differentiation medium, the induction effect was best when treated with differentiation medium supplemented with 40 mg / L colchicine for 2 days. The mutation rate reached 19.05%. Polygonum multiflorum plant “homogenization ” the best number of times for the treatment of 5 times. Chromosome counting was performed on the root tips of mutated plants obtained by morphological observation. The chromosomes of root tip cells of 2n = 4X = 56 were tetraploids. The un-doubled plant chromosome is 2n = 2X = 28, diploid. Observation also found that there are a small number of mutant root apical cells with 28 and 56 chromosomes, chimera. Conclusion: The method of tissue culture combined with colchicine can obtain more homozygous polygamous plants with polyploidy in short time.