水稻单叶净光合速率遗传规律的研究

来源 :贵州农学院学报 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:zlh888617
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1.1980年测定了7对亲本正反交F_1的净光合速率值,其中5对杂交组合正反交F_1间的差异不大,但有两个对杂交组合正反交F_1间的差异较大,81年又测定了一对亲本差异较大的杂交组合,并进行了统计分析,看到正反交之间差异不显著。 2.品种问杂交F_1的净光合速率表现情况:在低×低组合中,除了一个组合外,其余6个组合的F_1均表现明显的杂种优势。在高×低组合中,除红410×73南319以外,其余5个组合的F_1均表现高的净光合速率值,说明高值亲本红410和青二矮的高光合速率特性较易导入低光合速率品种中。 3.测定了三个组合F_2植株净光合速率的分布,均为常态分布。表明该性状受微效多基因控制,属数量性状遗传。根据亲本F_1、F_2以及F_1与亲本的回交等世代方差估算,控制该性状的基因在10对以上。净光合速率的广义遗传力h_B~2=41.2-45.3%,狭义遗传力h_N~2=24.4-34.0%,当选择率为5%时,群体获得的遗传增量约为1.62-3.01mgCO_2/dm~2·hr。 4.研究了43个品种和材料的剑叶净光合适半与比叶重的相关关系。r=0.3339。但决定系数r~2仅为0.1115,说明相关程度不高。 In 1980, the net photosynthetic rate (FN) of seven reciprocal crosses of parents was measured. Among them, there was no significant difference between F_1 and F_1 in 5 pairs of crosses. In the meantime, a pair of crossover combinations with large difference of parents were measured and statistically analyzed. The difference between the two breeds was not significant. The net photosynthetic rate of hybrid F_1 was as follows: In the low × low combinations, except for one combination, F_1 ​​of the other six combinations showed obvious heterosis. In the high × low combination, F_1 ​​of the remaining 5 combinations showed high net photosynthetic rate except for the red 410 × 73 south 319, indicating that the high photosynthetic rate characteristics of the high-value Parents Red 410 and Qing dwarf were more likely to be introduced into low Photosynthetic rate varieties. The distributions of net photosynthetic rate of three F 2 plants were determined, all of them were normal distribution. The results indicated that the trait was controlled by the multi-gene, which belongs to the quantitative trait. According to the generational variance estimation of F_1, F_2 and the backcross between F_1 and parents, the number of genes controlling this trait is above 10. The general heritability of net photosynthetic rate h_B ~ 2 = 41.2-45.3%, narrow heritability h_N ~ 2 = 24.4-34.0%, when the selection rate of 5%, the genetic gain obtained by the population is about 1.62-3.01mgCO_2 / dm ~ 2 · hr. The correlation between net photosynthetic rate and specific leaf weight of flag leaf of 43 cultivars and materials was studied. r = 0.3339. However, the coefficient of determination r ~ 2 is only 0.1115, indicating that the degree of correlation is not high.
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