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本文用线弹性三维有限单元法计算了五个几何尺寸、岩体力学性质完全相同的含有一条倾斜断层的地块模型。这五个地块模型的边界分别受到大小相同且与断层走向分别成10°、30°、50°、70°、90°夹角的均布压缩荷载的作用。其结果表明:在断裂的两个端点邻域的应力高值区最大主应力、最小主应力和最大剪应力随外力与断裂走向夹角的增大几乎成线性减小,其应力值的差可达一个数量级;地表水平位移的大小随外力方向与断裂走向夹角的增大而减小,而位移方向从几乎平行于走向逐渐偏转到垂直于走向(这与外力方向的变化一致);应力和垂直位移的分布形态、位移大小及达到峰值的部位随外力方向的不同而不相同。
In this paper, a linear elastic three-dimensional finite element method has been used to calculate a block model with five geometrical dimensions and identical rock mass mechanical properties with a sloping fault. The boundaries of these five block models are affected by uniformly distributed compressive loads of the same size and angles of 10 °, 30 °, 50 °, 70 ° and 90 ° with the fault respectively. The results show that the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the maximum shear stress near the two ends of the fracture near the fracture zone increase almost linearly with the increase of the angle between the external force and the fracture strike, and the difference of the stress values The magnitude of surface horizontal displacement decreases with the increase of the included angle between the direction of external force and the fracture direction, while the displacement direction gradually deflects from almost parallel to the direction perpendicular to the direction (which is consistent with the change of external force direction) The distribution of vertical displacement, the size of the displacement and the location of the peak vary with the direction of the external force.