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天线阵元的位置误差会影响其所接收到信号的相位,无人机机翼上安装的共型天线在飞行中由于各种振动因素会产生阵元位置误差,严重影响对地目标的检测和成像。针对无人机机翼振动问题建立三种不同的振动模型,包括强制振动模型、随机初始位移误差模型和随机振动模型,以及各种组合模型,从简单到复杂来研究各种振动对方位估计的影响及补偿技术。建立了弯曲模态、强制振动及各种随机振动的数学模型,并根据这些数学模型对强制振动带来的相位变化进行补偿,并针对常规波束形成算法、MVDR波束形成算法、对角加载的MVDR算法,分别讨论振动在补偿前后对这三种方位估计算法的影响。仿真结果表明在各种振动条件问题中,对角加载的MVDR算法波束估计性能最稳健。
The position error of the antenna array element affects the phase of the signal it receives. The common type antenna installed on the wing of the UAV will generate array element position error due to various vibration factors in flight, seriously affecting the detection of the target of the earth and Imaging. For the UAV wing vibration problem, three different vibration models, including forced vibration model, random initial displacement error model and stochastic vibration model, as well as various combination models, are studied to study the influence of various vibration on the azimuth estimation Impact and compensation technologies. The mathematical models of bending mode, forced vibration and various random vibration are established. According to these mathematical models, the phase changes caused by forced vibration are compensated. The conventional beamforming algorithm, MVDR beamforming algorithm, diagonal loading MVDR Algorithm to separately discuss the influence of vibration before and after compensation on these three azimuth estimation algorithms. The simulation results show that the MVDR algorithm based on diagonal loading has the most robust beam estimation performance under various vibration conditions.