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通过对河南省禹县钧台窑出土钧瓷残片上“蚯蚓走泥纹”的显微结构、元素组成及烧成温度研究,探究了“蚯蚓走泥纹”的形成原因和组成特征。研究表明:钧台窑出土的宋代官钧瓷片上“蚯蚓走泥纹”不同于青瓷与琉璃构件釉面的开片和裂纹,后者是器物冷却时因胎釉膨胀系数不同而导致的,前者形成于釉料干燥或预热阶段,是釉层水分蒸发使釉料收缩过大而出现初始裂纹,然后烧制过程中由釉料中的最易熔组分的填充而成。随着烧成温度升高,保温时间加长,“蚯蚓走泥纹”由深变浅,呈现逐渐淡化消失的趋势;“蚯蚓走泥纹”部位的caO及着色元素Fe2O。含量均高于周围釉质,从而使“蚯蚓走泥纹”在元素组成和外观上有异于釉面其他区域。
Through the study on the microstructure, elemental composition and firing temperature of the “earthworm walking mud pattern” on the Jun porcelain fragments unearthed in Jun Tai kiln, Yu County, Henan Province, the formation reason and composition of “earthworm walking mud pattern” were explored feature. The research shows that the “earthworm walking mud pattern” on the Song Jun Dynasty porcelain pieces unearthed in Jun Tai Kiln is different from the glazed opening and cracking of celadon and glass components, which are caused by the different coefficients of expansion of the glaze when the objects cool down , The former is formed in the glaze drying or preheating stage is the glaze layer of water evaporation glaze shrinking too large and the initial cracks appear, and then fired by the glaze in the most easily melted components filled. With the increase of the calcination temperature, the holding time is longer, the “earthworm walking muddy” from the depth of shallow, showing a trend of diminishing disappear; “earthworm walking muddy” parts of the caO and coloring elements Fe2O. Content higher than the surrounding enamel, so that “earthworm walking mud pattern ” in the elemental composition and appearance of the glaze is different from other regions.