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为了判断肾脏疾病的病变部位及其程度,常常进行肾活组织检查。然而,这项检查在技术操作、标本的制作以及病理诊断方面,皆需要特殊的技术和设备,而且不能多次进行。随着诊断技术的进步,目前正在试行一些不给患者增加任何负担的检测方法,即通过分析尿中成份获得各种信息。首先是对尿蛋白进行质的分析,如果尿中IgG或IgA等高分子蛋白增多,则意味着肾小球基底膜通透性亢进,从而可推测肾小球受损相当严重。如果尿中β_2小球蛋白或α_1小球蛋白等低分子蛋白增多,则意味着近曲小管的再
Renal biopsy is often performed in order to determine the extent and location of lesions in the kidney. However, this examination requires special techniques and equipment for technical operations, specimen preparation and pathological diagnosis, and can not be repeated many times. With the advancement of diagnostic techniques, testing methods that do not add any burden to patients are being piloted to obtain various kinds of information by analyzing urine components. The first is the qualitative analysis of urinary protein, urinary IgG or IgA and other high protein, it means that glomerular basement membrane hyperpermeability, which can be presumably a very serious glomerular damage. If urinary β_2 microglobulin or α_1 microglobulin and other low-molecular protein increased, it means that the proximal tubule and then