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表观遗传修饰中印迹基因对胎儿的发育具有重要的作用,对个体的生长与行为也有深远影响,特别是对胎盘发育极为重要。印迹基因的异常和失调不仅影响胚胎和胎盘发育,还可诱发出生后的发育异常而导致多种疾病发生。大量证据表明,许多肿瘤的发生都与其相应基因组印迹丢失有关。许多研究工作分析了辅助生殖技术和印迹失调之间的联系。对印迹基因和各种表观遗传疾病做文献综述,并对辅助生殖技术所致的遗传风险作简要探讨,以评估这些技术的安全性。
Imprinted genes in epigenetic modification play an important role in the development of the fetus and have a far-reaching impact on individual growth and behavior, especially for placental development. Imprinting gene abnormalities and disorders not only affect embryonic and placental development, but also induce postnatal developmental abnormalities resulting in a variety of diseases. There is ample evidence that many tumors are associated with loss of their corresponding genomic imprinting. Many studies have analyzed the link between assisted reproductive technology and imprinting. Literature reviews of imprinted genes and various epigenetic diseases are reviewed and the genetic risks associated with assisted reproductive technology are briefly explored to assess the safety of these technologies.