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目的识别、分析和评价某锗业公司锗提取项目产生的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,分析职业病危害的关键控制点,并提出合理可行的职业病防护对策。方法通过现场调查和工程分析,识别生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素的种类及环节,并进行检测。结果该公司生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素为有毒物质(氮氧化物、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氨、盐酸)、粉尘(煤尘、矽尘)、物理因素(噪声、高温)。经现场检测,有毒物质合格率为92.8%、粉尘合格率为73.3%、噪声合格率为100.0%、高温合格率为100.0%。结论该项目粉尘危害的关键控制点为炉渣口、炉顶、电除尘卸灰间、除尘沉降室;毒物危害的关键控制点为锅炉下料巡检位。
Objective To identify, analyze and evaluate the hazard factors of occupational diseases caused by the extraction of germanium from a germanium company and its harm degree, analyze the key control points of the occupational disease hazards and put forward the reasonable and feasible countermeasures of occupational disease protection. Methods Through on-site investigation and project analysis, the types and links of occupational hazards in the production process were identified and tested. Results The main occupational hazards in the production process were toxic substances (nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid), dust (coal dust, silica dust) and physical factors (noise and high temperature). After field test, the passing rate of toxic substances was 92.8%, the pass rate of dust was 73.3%, the pass rate of noise was 100.0% and the passing rate of high temperature was 100.0%. Conclusion The key control points of the dust hazard of the project are slag mouth, top of furnace, electric dust removal and ash removal room and dust settling chamber. The key control point of poison hazard is the boiler feeding inspection bit.