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目的:探讨巨大儿发生的相关因素及分娩对母婴健康的影响以及预防措施。方法:回顾性分析2004～2008年分娩的1 357例巨大儿资料。结果:2004～2008年巨大儿发生率为12.93%,且逐年增高;巨大儿组母亲的孕前体重指数、孕期体重增加、妊娠期合并糖尿病、过期妊娠、剖宫产、产后出血等均明显高于正常儿组;胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息亦明显高于正常儿组。结论:过期妊娠、妊娠期体重增加过多、高血糖等是巨大儿发生的相关因素。应通过合理营养、适量运动来控制孕妇体重和血糖,以减少巨大儿的发生率。
Objective: To investigate the related factors of macrosomia and the effects of childbirth on the health of mothers and infants, as well as the preventive measures. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1 357 maternal children delivered during 2004-2008 was conducted. Results: The incidence of giant macrosomia was 12.93% in 2004-2008, and increased year by year. The scores of pre-pregnancy body mass index, pregnancy weight gain, gestational diabetes mellitus, overdue pregnancy, cesarean section and postpartum hemorrhage were all significantly higher Normal children; fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia were also significantly higher than the normal children. Conclusion: Excessive pregnancy, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, hyperglycemia and other macrosomia are related factors. Should be reasonable nutrition, appropriate exercise to control the weight of pregnant women and blood sugar, in order to reduce the incidence of huge children.