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目的了解双峰县2007年麻疹发病情况,为今后的麻疹控制工作提供科学依据。方法对双峰县2007年麻疹监测数据进行流行病学分析。结果2007年全县共报告麻疹疑似病例206例,确诊148例,麻疹发病率为16.44/10万。病例主要集中在1-2月和4-6月份,占全年发病数的83.11%。发病主要以散在流行为主,暴发病例占全县总病例数的22.97%,发生在边远山区学校。发病年龄在2岁以下的占38.51%、7～14岁占20.95%、≥15岁占22.30%。在148例病例中,有免疫史占27.02%、无免疫史占35.14%、免疫史不详的占37.84%。结论双峰县麻疹流行主要原因是部分乡镇的MV常规免疫工作未落实。应在加强MV常规免疫的同时,对重点地区和重点人群适时开展强化免疫和扩大免疫,健全和完善入托、入学查验预防接种证制度。同时,科学设置预防接种门诊和预防接种点并实行儿童信息化管理,消除免疫空白,提高接种率。
Objective To understand the incidence of measles in 2007 in Shuangfeng County and provide a scientific basis for future measles control. Methods The epidemiological analysis of measles surveillance data in 2007 in Shuangfeng County was conducted. Results A total of 206 measles cases were reported in the county in 2007, of which 148 cases were diagnosed. The incidence of measles was 16.44 / 100 000. The cases mainly concentrated in January-February and April-June, accounting for 83.11% of the annual incidence. The main incidence of scattered mainly in the epidemic, the outbreak cases accounted for 22.97% of the county’s total number of cases, occurred in remote mountainous schools. The age of onset under the age of 2 accounted for 38.51%, 7 to 14 years accounted for 20.95%, ≥ 15 years accounted for 22.30%. In 148 cases, 27.02% had immunization history, 35.14% had no history of immunization, and 37.84% had unknown history of immunization. Conclusion The prevalence of measles in Shuangfeng County was mainly due to the fact that the routine immunization work of MV in some villages and towns was not implemented. In addition to strengthening routine immunization of MVs, we should conduct timely and intensive immunization in key areas and key populations, and improve and perfect the vaccination certificate system for nursery admission and entrance examination. At the same time, scientific settings vaccination clinics and vaccination sites and the implementation of information management of children, eliminate the immune blanket, increase vaccination rates.