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利用SSR和SRAP 2种分子标记研究了69份试验材料的遗传差异及其亲缘关系。29对SSR标记共扩增出118条多态性带,多态性位点占总扩增位点的97.5%,27对SRAP引物扩增出123条多态性带,多态性比率为70.3%。两种标记聚类结果表明,在相似系数0.566处所有材料可以分为A、B 2个大类群;B类在相似系数0.620处又可分为7个亚类,10个天然双低早熟甘蓝型品系、2个甘蓝型亲本和4个新型品系聚在第Ⅰ亚类中,其余的51个新型甘蓝型油菜品系分别聚在其他6个亚类中。对55份新型品系进行遗传成分分析,结果表明,每个品系都含有4种带型,各品系所含不同带所占比率不同。对各品系中含有白菜型亲本带所占比率分别与其对应的两亲本之间的遗传距离进行相关分析,结果表明新型甘蓝型油菜品系中白菜型亲本带所占比率与白菜型亲本间的遗传距离为负相关(-0.52),且达到极显著水平;与甘蓝型亲本间的遗传距离为正相关(0.31),且达到显著水平。对试验材料之间的遗传距离及其来源进行分析(除与2个白菜型亲本间),遗传距离排名前20位的都来自新型品系之间或天然品系与新型之间,最大为0.544。
The SSR and SRAP molecular markers were used to study the genetic variation and genetic relationship of 69 cultivars. A total of 118 SSR markers amplified a total of 118 polymorphic bands with polymorphic loci accounting for 97.5% of the total amplification loci. Twenty-seven pairs of SRAP primers amplified 123 polymorphic bands with a polymorphic ratio of 70.3 %. The results of two kinds of labeling clustering showed that all the materials could be divided into A and B groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.566. B class at the similarity coefficient of 0.620 could be divided into 7 subclasses and 10 natural double-low-precocity cabbage type The strains, two cabbage-type parents and four new lines clustered in the first sub-category, and the remaining 51 new Brassica napus lines clustered in the other six sub-categories. The genetic analysis of 55 new lines showed that each line contained four bands, with different ratios of different bands in each line. Correlation analysis showed that the proportion of cabbage-type parental lines in each line was related to the genetic distance of their corresponding parents, respectively. The results showed that the genetic distance between cabbage-type parental lines and the cabbage-type parents in the new type of Brassica napus lines (-0.52), and reach extremely significant level. The genetic distance to the parents was positively correlated (0.31), and reached a significant level. The genetic distances between the tested materials and their origins were analyzed (except for the two cabbage-type parents), the top 20 genetic distances were from the new lines or between the natural lines and the new lines, up to 0.544.