本文对两种铁基合金(Fe5和Fe3)进行等离子弧堆焊过程中外加纵向直流磁场来控制堆焊层的硬质相形态及分布,焊后对两种堆焊层进行了硬度、磨损试验,显微组织及X射线衍射分析,研究磁场参数和工艺参数对两种粉末堆焊层组织性能的影响规律。结果表明,施加磁场的堆焊层要比无磁场作用的堆焊层硬度高、耐磨性好;磁场电流为3A时的堆焊层性能最佳;合金堆焊层的显微组织α、γ固溶体被充分细化,并获得理想的硬质相Cr7C3、CrB等。 In this paper, two kinds of iron-based alloys (Fe5 and Fe3) plasma arc welding process plus longitudinal DC magnetic field to control hardfacing layer morphology and distribution of the two surfacing layer after welding hardness, wear test , Microstructure and X-ray diffraction analysis of magnetic field parameters and process parameters on the performance of the two kinds of powder surfacing layer microstructure and properties. The results show that the overlay layer with magnetic field is higher than that with no magnetic field, and the wear resistance is good. The overlay layer with the field current of 3A is the best. The microstructure of the overlay layer α, γ Solid solution is fully refined, and get the ideal hard phase Cr7C3, CrB and so on.