A thermal conduction model is applied to speed up the numerical analysis of the temperature distribution and the weld pool geometry of full penetration in gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding. With considering both top and bottom free surface deformation of full-penetrated weld pool, three-dimensional weld pool with melting front and solidification front is predicted.Welding experiments are conducted to measure the melting front curves at the top surface and the longitudinal section of the weld. It shows that the predicted and measured results are in good agreement.