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微推力测试技术可为微推进器力学性能提供测量和评估平台。论述了稳态推力、脉冲冲量、平均推力和动态推力的测量原理;总结了国内外典型的微推力测量系统,将测量系统分为扭摆型、天平型、单摆型和和悬臂型4种基本动力学构型,并对比分析了各种构型的测量特征、用途和优缺点;指出了测量原理、误差影响因素及应对措施、系统标定和测量自动化等关键问题;并自行设计了一种基于扭摆型的微推力测量系统,该系统测量重复性好,测量水平可达到μN量级。
Micro-thrust testing technology provides a platform for measurement and evaluation of micro-propeller mechanical properties. The measurement principle of steady-state thrust, pulse impulse, average thrust and dynamic thrust is discussed. The typical micro-thrust measurement system at home and abroad is summarized. The measurement system is divided into four basic types: torsion pendulum type, balance type, pendulum type and cantilever type The kinematic configurations of the structures were compared and analyzed. The measurement features, applications, advantages and disadvantages of various configurations were compared and analyzed. The key problems such as measurement principle, error factors and countermeasures, system calibration and measurement automation were pointed out. Torsion-type micro-thrust measurement system, the system measurement repeatability, the measurement level can reach the order of μN.