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通过模拟犁底层和模拟打破犁底层处理进行试验,研究犁底层对春玉米叶片形态发育及衰老表征,明确犁地层对东北春玉米生产易引发早衰的机理。结果表明,模拟犁底层处理的第8片到第11片叶玉米叶片长度以及第13片叶到第20片叶叶片宽度均小于模拟打破犁底层处理,达到极显著水平;从5片叶全展开到小喇叭口期,模拟犁底层处理比模拟打破犁底层处理晚发育9 d;模拟犁底层处理缩短了中部叶片的持绿时间6 d;模拟犁底层处理相对模拟打破犁底层处理降低了开花期绿叶面积及开花后相对绿叶面积,生产上采用农业机械深松打破犁底层可延缓后期叶片衰老进程。
Experiments were carried out by simulating the plow bottom and simulating the plow bottom treatment. The plow bottom was used to characterize the leaf morphology and senescence of spring maize. The mechanism that the plow layer easily induced the premature senility in northeastern spring maize production was clarified. The results showed that the leaf length from the 8th to the 11th leaf maize and the leaf width from the 13th leaf to the 20th leaf were less than that of the simulated plow bottom treatment, which reached the extremely significant level. At the stage of small trumpet, the simulated plow bottom treatment developed 9 days later than the simulated broken plow bottom treatment. The simulated plow bottom treatment shortened the green leaf holding time of the middle part for 6 days. Simulated plow bottom treatment compared to simulated plow bottom treatment reduced flowering time Green leaf area and flowering after the relative green leaf area, the production of agricultural machinery to use deep pine to break the plow can delay late leaf aging process.