Toll样受体是近年来发现的Ⅰ型跨膜受体。在已发现的11种TLR中,TLR4是研究热点之一。活化的TLR4通过MyD88、丝裂原相关蛋白介导信号转导通路,诱导免疫反应的发生。TLR4在很多种肿瘤细胞中都有表达。TLR4通过不同的信号途径促进炎症和肿瘤的发生和发展,并在癌性疼痛和肿瘤免疫逃逸中起重要作用。TLR4可能成为一个潜在的肿瘤靶向治疗目标。 Toll-like receptors are type I transmembrane receptors found in recent years. Of the 11 TLRs that have been identified, TLR4 is one of the hot topics. Activation of TLR4 through MyD88, mitogen-associated protein-mediated signal transduction pathway, the induction of immune response. TLR4 is expressed in many tumor cells. TLR4 promotes inflammation and tumorigenesis and progression through different signaling pathways and plays an important role in cancerous pain and tumor immune escape. TLR4 may be a potential target for targeted cancer therapy.