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海洋生态系统是地球生物圈的重要组成部分。目前,人类活动已经严重破坏了海洋生态系统,导致了海洋生态系统的失衡。赤潮的发生正是这种不平衡的具体体现。文章讨论了人类活动对海洋生态系统的负面影响以及对近海海域赤潮发生的推波助澜作用;主要综述了影响赤潮发生和消亡的生态条件及环境影响因子。最后,强调了学科交叉研究在管理和防范赤潮的发生,维护近海海洋生态系统健康服务功能的必要性,并提出了一些相应的对策和措施。
Marine ecosystems are an important part of the Earth’s biosphere. At present, human activities have severely damaged marine ecosystems, leading to imbalances in marine ecosystems. The occurrence of red tide is precisely the manifestation of this imbalance. The paper discusses the negative impacts of human activities on marine ecosystems and the impacts of red tides in offshore waters. The ecological conditions and environmental impact factors that affect the occurrence and disappearance of red tides are reviewed. Finally, it emphasizes the necessity of interdisciplinary research in the management and prevention of red tide and the function of maintaining marine marine ecosystem health services, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and measures.