清代恰克图贸易的制度框架、交易方式及启示

来源 :上海财经大学学报 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:m1598745
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
有清一代,恰克图市场在中俄贸易中处于极为重要的地位。恰克图贸易在长时期内保持繁盛,与中俄条约框架、市场规约及交易媒介息息相关。正式制度与非正式制度的良性互动,为贸易提供了制度保障与行为规范。文章通过探析中俄恰克图贸易中的正式制度与非正式制度建设,从政府参与程度、行会作用、惩罚机制和信息搜集比较双方在市场管理制度上的差异性,为“丝绸之路经济带”战略思想的构建和发展提供历史借鉴,并基于此提出构建区域经济合作框架、发挥市场驱动力及深化区域金融合作的政策建议。 With a generation of Qing Dynasty, the market of Chucktatu is in a very important position in the trade between China and Russia. The economy of Chkatu remained prosperous for a long period of time and was closely linked to the Sino-Russian treaty framework, market regulations and the medium of exchange. The positive interaction between the formal system and the informal system provides institutional guarantees and codes of conduct for trade. Through the analysis of the formal system and the informal system in the trade between China and Russia, the article compares the differences in the market management system between the two sides based on the level of government participation, the role of guilds, the punishment mechanism and the information collection. It is the “Silk Road Economic belt ”, and based on this, we put forward the policy recommendations of building a framework of regional economic cooperation, giving full play to market forces and deepening regional financial cooperation.
其他文献
When Goldman Sachs first coined the BRIC concept a decade ago, the international investment and securities firm by no means expected that Brazil, Russia, India
期刊
和弦演奏是钢琴演奏技巧中常用且较有难度的技术问题之一,它常常是难度较大的曲子或者是曲式复杂的作品常选用的钢琴演奏技巧,尤其在连奏和断奏中经常对比出现,并形成有特点
It was an unprec-edented gathering. On April 12-13, the first ever Nuclear Security Summit was held in Washington, D.C., where representatives from 47 nations-
期刊
人还没离开上海,手机就频频地响,朋友们笑着问,怎么想着要去柬埔寨,那个听上去战乱纷纷的危险地方,去踩地雷吗?大笑,对的,挖地雷去.
Britain will hold its first election in five years on May 6.And unlike any since the early 1990s, it is very hard to see who might win. Current Prime Minister
期刊
期刊
目的:对比改良膝关节平片X线检查方法与常规方法的诊断结果.方法:选择2015年6月到2016年2月就诊的膝关节损伤患者30例,患者均进行常规X线诊断以及改良X线诊断.结果:改良膝关
初中生在虚拟内疚上不存在性别、城乡、是否非独和年级的差异,但在虚拟内疚其他维度上还是存在性别和年级差异的,初中女生的责任内疚高于男生,初一学生的责任内疚高于初二、
【摘要】本文结合我国企业经营者的薪酬激励机制多元化的经营者收入分配格局,以年薪制、股权、职位消费和福利保险这四种激励方式,进行优化组合,充分实现薪酬的激励功能。  【关键词】企业经营 全面薪酬 激励机制  自改革开放以来,经过20多年的探索,我们的业务激励企业工资收入水平的提高,广泛的运营商,运营商的收入构成的收入分配格局初步形成了较大的变化,其收入是每月或每月的工资加奖金构成的模式已经完全改变。