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有清一代,恰克图市场在中俄贸易中处于极为重要的地位。恰克图贸易在长时期内保持繁盛,与中俄条约框架、市场规约及交易媒介息息相关。正式制度与非正式制度的良性互动,为贸易提供了制度保障与行为规范。文章通过探析中俄恰克图贸易中的正式制度与非正式制度建设,从政府参与程度、行会作用、惩罚机制和信息搜集比较双方在市场管理制度上的差异性,为“丝绸之路经济带”战略思想的构建和发展提供历史借鉴,并基于此提出构建区域经济合作框架、发挥市场驱动力及深化区域金融合作的政策建议。
With a generation of Qing Dynasty, the market of Chucktatu is in a very important position in the trade between China and Russia. The economy of Chkatu remained prosperous for a long period of time and was closely linked to the Sino-Russian treaty framework, market regulations and the medium of exchange. The positive interaction between the formal system and the informal system provides institutional guarantees and codes of conduct for trade. Through the analysis of the formal system and the informal system in the trade between China and Russia, the article compares the differences in the market management system between the two sides based on the level of government participation, the role of guilds, the punishment mechanism and the information collection. It is the “Silk Road Economic belt ”, and based on this, we put forward the policy recommendations of building a framework of regional economic cooperation, giving full play to market forces and deepening regional financial cooperation.