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解放前,梁漱溟认为,西洋的民治制度虽好,在中国却无法实现;地方自治问题多,与中国社会不合适;中国唯一出路是乡治——“乡约”;解放后,梁漱溟在个人崇拜、大搞人治、实行党治,甚至是无法无天的环境(文革时期)下,提倡法治、强调宪法。梁漱溟的法治思想有一个逐步递进的发展,即从解放前的礼治人治,逐步转变到主张依法治国与民主宪政。因而,梁漱溟在中国近代以来的政法思想史上,留下极其光辉的一页。
Before the liberation, Liang Shuming believed that although the Western system of people’s government of the state is good, it can not be achieved in China. There are many problems of local autonomy, which are not appropriate to Chinese society. The only way out for China is to go through the countryside-to-town convention. After the liberation, Liang Shuming Personal worship, advocating rule of man, implementing party rule, and even lawlessness (during the Cultural Revolution), advocating the rule of law and emphasizing the constitution. Liang Shuming’s rule of law thought has a gradual and orderly development, that is, from the pre-liberation courtesy rule, and gradually shift to advocate the rule of law and democratic constitutional government. Therefore, Liang Shuming left an extremely glorious page in the history of political and legal thoughts in modern China.