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一、概念及分类胆汁郁滞症是肝细胞毛细胆管至总胆管的胆道系统,机能或器质性异常,导致胆汁排出障碍,使胆汁流量减少,血中胆汁成分增高,肝组织皮肤及粘膜有胆色素蓄积。依据胆汁郁滞(以下简称郁胆)的部位不同,区分为肝内及肝外郁胆两大类。肝外郁胆是由肝门部胆管至总胆管末端、发生完全或不完全阻塞,常为胆石、肿瘤、狭窄或畸型等引起。肝内郁胆(表1)又分为梗阻性及机能性两类。前者少见、为肝内大胆管出现肿瘤、结石、狭窄或先天性异常所致。后者较为多见、常在肉眼下不能发现胆道闭塞,是肝细胞或细胆管等胆汁排泌器官功能失调所致。一般称此
First, the concept and classification of Cholestasis is the bile duct of the hepatocellular capillary bile duct to the common bile duct, the function or organic abnormalities, resulting in bile discharge disorders, so that bile flow decreased, increased blood bile components, liver tissue and mucous membranes Pigment accumulation. According to different parts of the bile stasis (hereinafter referred to as stool), divided into two categories of intrahepatic and extrahepatic jaundice. Extrahepatic Yu gall is from the hilar bile duct to the end of the common bile duct, complete or incomplete obstruction, often gallstones, tumors, stenosis or abnormalities caused. Intracranial gallbladder (Table 1) is divided into obstructive and functional categories. The former is rare, for the emergence of intrahepatic bile duct tumors, stones, stenosis or congenital abnormalities. The latter is more common, often in the naked eye can not be found biliary obstruction, liver cells or bile duct bile secretion organ dysfunction caused. This is generally called