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老年精神障碍发病率随老年人口的增加逐年上升,除了老年性痴呆,其他一些任何年龄都可发生的精神障碍在老年期发生时,其症状、病程、治疗等都有所不同。此外,由于年龄增加,人体各种机能就发生变化,这时药物治疗可有明显差异,易产生药物毒性。老年精神障碍合并其他疾病时,需联合用药,这时要注意药物的协同作用,以及药效以外的因素。一、主要精神障碍的药物治疗 1.焦虑的药物治疗老年人易出现焦虑,常伴有抑郁、躯体症状、兴奋、紧张等。焦虑的生物学基础是血浆中儿茶酚胺、血糖、非酯化脂肪酸、胆固醇等
The incidence of mental disorders in the elderly increases year by year with the increase of the elderly population. Apart from Alzheimer’s disease, other mental disorders that occur at any age may have different symptoms, course of disease and treatment when they occur in the elderly. In addition, due to the increase of age, various functions of the human body are changed. At this time, there may be obvious differences in drug treatment and drug toxicity may easily occur. Elderly mental disorders combined with other diseases, the need for combination therapy, then pay attention to the synergy of drugs, as well as the efficacy of factors other than. First, the main drug treatment of mental disorders 1. Anxiety of drug treatment prone to anxiety in the elderly, often accompanied by depression, somatic symptoms, excitement, tension and so on. The biological basis of anxiety is plasma catecholamines, blood sugar, non-esterified fatty acids, cholesterol, etc.