论文部分内容阅读
多胺化合物主要有腐胺(1,4-二氨基丁烷)、尸胺(1,5-二氨基戊烷)、亚精胺以及精胺等。它们广泛存在于生物界,从低等的植物、微生物(细菌、噬菌体、病毒等)直至哺乳类均含有多胺。腐胺和尸胺很早就被人们所熟知,在自然界中,它们是蛋白质经细菌发酵而生成的,有一股令人厌恶的怪味。在人体内,腐胺是经鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)的脱羧作用而生成的,这一步是多胺形成的限速步骤,ODC是限速酶。各种生长状态不同的组织,其所含的ODC含量不同,生长旺盛的组织(如肿瘤、肠粘膜上皮细胞、骨髓干细胞等)ODC活性高、含量多,因此这些组织内所含多胺的量也相应地增加。特别是癌瘤,ODC的量可高于正常组织的
Polyamine compounds mainly include putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane), cadaverine (1,5-diaminopentane), spermidine, and spermine. They are widely found in the biosphere and contain polyamines from low-grade plants, microorganisms (bacteria, bacteriophages, viruses, etc.) up to mammals. Putrescine and cadaverine have long been known to people. In nature, they are produced by bacterial fermentation of bacteria, and there is a disgusting smell. In humans, putrescine is produced by the decarboxylation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). This step is the rate-limiting step for polyamine formation, and ODC is the rate-limiting enzyme. Different tissues with different growth states contain different ODC levels, and the highly active tissues (such as tumors, intestinal epithelial cells, bone marrow stem cells, etc.) have high ODC activity and content, and therefore the amount of polyamines contained in these tissues. It also increases accordingly. Especially for cancers, the amount of ODC can be higher than that of normal tissues.