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目的:通过GC-MS法研究东北刺人参根挥发油的化学成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏装置提取东北刺人参根的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分离鉴定,用色谱峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对百分含量。结果:东北刺人参根挥发油提取率为0.83%,从挥发油中分离出了105种组分,鉴定出了78个组分,占分离物质的94.0%。主要成分包括α-蒎烯(8.78%)、β-蒎烯(8.94%)、反式-β-罗勒烯(2.82%)、乙酸龙脑酯(1.04%)、γ-衣兰油烯(5.11%)、反式橙花叔醇(17.85%)、毕澄茄油烯醇(3.60%)、愈创木醇(3.32%)、桉油烯醇(4.58%)、τ-杜松醇(13.10%)、布黎醇(4.37%)等。结论:采用极性色谱柱分离挥发油可以获得更多的组分信息。
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the essential oil of ginseng root in Northeast China by GC-MS. Methods: Volatile oil from the roots of Panax ginseng was extracted by steam distillation. The chemical constituents of volatile oil were isolated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the relative components were determined by the normalization of chromatographic peak area Percentage. Results: The extraction rate of volatile oil from ginseng root in Northeast was 0.83%. 105 components were isolated from volatile oil and 78 components were identified, accounting for 94.0% of the isolated material. The main components include α-pinene (8.78%), β-pinene (8.94%), trans-β-oculene (2.82%), bornyl acetate (1.04% %), Trans-nerolidol (17.85%), biotinolene (3.60%), guaiacol (3.32%), eucalyptol (4.58% %), Clofibrate (4.37%) and the like. Conclusion: More information on the components can be obtained using polar columns for the separation of essential oils.