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土壤和沉积物是全球黑碳排放的主要归宿,土壤和沉积物中黑碳具有复杂的环境行为和环境效应。分析了黑碳的概念,指出应以环境意义为出发点去理解黑碳概念的丰富内涵;描述了黑碳形成过程及其对黑碳理化性质的影响,以及基于此的黑碳分类;总结了黑碳来源辨析的若干种常用方法;讨论了黑碳在土壤/沉积物与其他环境介质之间的迁移循环过程,以及在土壤和沉积物内部的迁移行为;探讨了土壤和沉积物中黑碳的降解行为与稳定性,及其与地-气碳氮温室气体通量、土壤稳定碳库的关系,以及在土壤碳循环模型中的作用;综述了土壤和沉积物中黑碳对有机物、重金属和营养盐的吸附行为及主要机制;提出了今后研究的主要方向,以供相关研究者参考。
Soil and sediment are the main fates for global black carbon emissions. Black carbon in soils and sediments has complex environmental and environmental effects. The concept of black carbon is analyzed. It is pointed out that the rich connotation of black carbon should be understood from the meaning of environment. The formation process of black carbon and its influence on the physical and chemical properties of black carbon are described, and the black carbon classification based on this is described. Several common methods for distinguishing carbon sources were discussed. The migration and cycling of black carbon between soil / sediment and other environmental media and the migration behavior in soil and sediment were discussed. The effects of black carbon Degradation behavior and its stability, and its relationship with the fluxes of carbon-nitrogen and greenhouse gases, soil stable carbon pool and its role in the soil carbon cycle model. The effects of black carbon on soil organic matter and heavy metals Nutrient adsorption behavior and the main mechanism; put forward the main direction of future research, for the relevant researchers for reference.