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生物治疗被誉为肿瘤的第四种疗法,它已成为肿瘤研究的热点,并在肝癌临床中同样具有重要的战略地位。肝癌治疗的发展史中,曾使5年生存率有较大幅度提高的有50-60年代的大肝癌切除;70-80年代的小肝癌切除和目前的不能切除肝癌的缩小后切除。前两者是外科起主导作用的;后者则乃放、化疗、外科综合起作用,生物疗法亦参与起作用。预期在2000年前后,生物疗法将在肝癌治疗中着起举足轻重的作用。 1992年Gutterman将人癌的生物治疗分为4大类,即抗增殖的IFN-α、IFN-β、TGF-β……、免疫性的IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ、INF、单抗……、造血生长因子CSF……及抗转移/抗血管生成TIMP1与2、胶原酶抑制剂……。而近年的迅速发展又极大地丰富了其内涵,诸如基因治疗、瘤苗、肿瘤多肽抗原、广义的抗体导向治疗等。
Biological therapy has been hailed as the fourth therapy for cancer. It has become a hot spot for cancer research and has an important strategic position in the clinical practice of liver cancer. In the history of the development of liver cancer treatment, the large-scale hepatocarcinoma of the 50-60s that had caused a significant increase in the 5-year survival rate was removed; the small hepatocellular carcinoma was removed in the 70-80 years and the current unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma was reduced after the resection. The first two are the leading role of surgery; the latter is a combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, and biological therapy is also involved. It is expected that around the year 2000, biological therapy will play a pivotal role in the treatment of liver cancer. In 1992, Gutterman divided the biological treatment of human cancer into four categories: anti-proliferative IFN-α, IFN-β, TGF-β, ..., immune IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, INF, Monoclonal antibodies... Hematopoietic growth factor CSF... Anti-metastasis/anti-angiogenic TIMP1 and 2, Collagenase inhibitors... The rapid development in recent years has greatly enriched its connotations, such as gene therapy, tumor vaccines, tumor polypeptide antigens, and generalized antibody-directed therapy.