企业中各级职工的工作努力程度,直接关系到企业整体的经营效率,而每个人的工作努力程度又取决于企业的管理体制与个人的工作积极性。事实上,包括企业管理体制在内的各种企业问题的研究,都是与如何调动人的工作积极性问题紧密相关的。但是,我们认为,以往我国关于这一重大问题的研究,存在着两个不足:第一,在调动职工工作积极性的手段上,过于偏重物质福利方面的激励研究,而对广大职工各种非物质需求的激励手段研究不足;第 The degree of work hardships of employees at all levels in an enterprise directly affects the overall operating efficiency of the company. The degree of work of each individual depends on the management system of the company and the personal work enthusiasm. In fact, research on various corporate issues, including the corporate governance system, is closely related to how people are motivated to work. However, we believe that in the past, China’s research on this major issue has two deficiencies: First, on the means to mobilize the enthusiasm of employees, they have focused too much on the incentive research on material welfare, but on the non-material Insufficient research on demand incentives;