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分析疲劳试验过程中叶片加载的运动规律,利用能量法对能量耗散进行计算及动力参数匹配,设计一套叶片电磁脉冲式疲劳加载系统。采用短时能量补充加载,瞬时最小势能原理导出叶片在时变载荷作用下的多自由度运动方程,建立仿真模型并对脉冲激励叶片响应数值进行仿真。利用激光测距传感器获取加载点振幅为控制参数,控制器基于SPWM(Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation)脉冲控制方式,搜索跟踪共振频率,实现叶片等幅稳定振动。现场试验表明,叶片脉冲加载载荷均匀,控制过程稳定可靠,共振时叶片加载点振幅误差保持在±5%之内,试验效率及系统寿命得到提高,可为风力机叶片疲劳实验提供一种新的加载方式。
The motion law of blade loading during fatigue test was analyzed. Energy dissipation method was used to calculate the energy dissipation and match the dynamic parameters, and a set of blade electromagnetic pulse fatigue loading system was designed. The multi-degree-of-freedom equations of motion of the blade under time-varying loads are derived by using the short-time energy replenishment load and the instantaneous minimum potential energy principle. The simulation model is established and the response value of the pulse excitation blade is simulated. The laser range sensor is used to obtain the amplitude of the loading point as the control parameter. The controller searches the tracking resonant frequency based on SPWM (Pulse Pulse Modulation) control mode to realize stable amplitude vibration of the blade. Field tests show that the pulse loading load is uniform and the control process is stable and reliable. The amplitude error of blade loading point is kept within ± 5% during resonance, and the test efficiency and system life are improved, which can provide a new kind of fatigue test for wind turbine blade Loading method.