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对膨润土进行分散、离心分级,并对产物进行透射电镜和X射线衍射分析,研究了辽宁省建平地区典型火山岩型膨润土中方石英的赋存状态。结果表明:膨润土中的方石英包括α方石英、C型和CT型蛋白石。随膨润土颗粒粒径减小,独立α方石英含量先增加后减少,蛋白石中α方石英晶畴含量则先减少后增加。粗颗粒和细颗粒膨润土中的蛋白石为C型蛋白石,中颗粒膨润土中的蛋白石为CT型蛋白石。α方石英平均晶粒粒径约为17nm,蛋白石平均晶粒粒径约为20nm。膨润土原样中,部分方石英独立分布,但大部分吸附于蒙脱石颗粒表面及边缘或被蒙脱石包裹,团聚严重;经分散处理后,方石英与蒙脱石之间的团聚有所改善。粗颗粒的膨润土中,方石英相互吸附,团聚成较大颗粒,与蒙脱石团聚较少;随着膨润土颗粒粒径减小,方石英与蒙脱石间吸附加重;当颗粒粒径进一步减小时,方石英与蒙脱石间吸附有所减轻。
The bentonite was dispersed and centrifuged, and the products were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The occurrence of the Chinese quartz in the typical volcanic bentonite in Jianping area of Liaoning Province was studied. The results show that the cristobalite in bentonite includes α-cristobalite, C-type and CT-type opal. With the decrease of the particle size of bentonite, the content of independent α-cristobalite first increases and then decreases, while the content of α-cristobalite in the opal decreases first and then increases. The opal in the coarse and fine particles of bentonite is C-type opal, and the opal in the medium-particle bentonite is CT-type opal. Alpha cristobal has an average grain size of about 17 nm and an average grain size of opal is about 20 nm. In the original sample of bentonite, some cristobalite were independently distributed, but most of them were adsorbed on the surface and edge of montmorillonite particles or surrounded by montmorillonite, resulting in serious agglomeration. After being dispersed, the agglomeration between cristobalite and montmorillonite was improved . In coarse-grained bentonite, cristobalite adsorbed to each other and agglomerated into larger particles with less agglomeration with montmorillonite. As the particle size of bentonite decreased, the adsorption between cristobalite and montmorillonite increased. When the particle size decreased further H, the adsorption between cristobalite and montmorillonite has been alleviated.