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理论上讲，胚胎干细胞可以分化成各种组织细胞，形成各种器官。然而，从胚胎干细胞向不同组织细胞定向分化的条件还不清楚，从而限制了胚胎干细胞的临床应用。因此，干细胞研究的主要问题之一就是要弄清胚胎干细胞发育的调控机制，从而在体外培养扩增胚胎干细胞。成体干细胞已
In theory, embryonic stem cells can differentiate into various tissue cells, forming a variety of organs. However, the conditions for directional differentiation from embryonic stem cells to different tissue cells are unclear, thus limiting the clinical application of embryonic stem cells. Therefore, one of the main problems in stem cell research is to understand the regulatory mechanism of embryonic stem cell development, so as to culture and expand embryonic stem cells in vitro. Adult stem cells have been