任何权力都是在权力运行系统的多重要素相互作用下运行的。对权力运行系统以及其中各种要素关系展开研究,既是规范权力运行的必然选择,也是推进国家治理现代化的内在要求。根据权力运行过程中权力与各个要素的关系,将权力运行系统分为内在系统与外在系统。目前,权力运行内在系统存在分权配置偏颇、运行过程随意、监督权乏力问题;外在系统存在权力与权利、法律以及制度关系失衡问题。针对规范权力运行的现实问题,应加强权力运行内在系统对权力的制约,强化权力运行外在系统对权力的监督。 Any power is operated under the interaction of multiple elements of the power running system. Studying the system of the power operation and its various elements is not only the inevitable choice of regulating the operation of power but also the inherent requirement of promoting the modernization of state governance. According to the relationship between power and each factor in the operation of power, the power running system is divided into internal system and external system. At present, the internal system of power operation has the disadvantages of partial decentralization, random operation and weak supervision; external system has the problems of power and rights, law and system imbalance. In order to regulate the practical problems of the power running, we should strengthen the internal system of power running to restrict power and strengthen the supervision of power by the external system of power running.