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停车场是高密度城区基础设施的重要组成部分,对人口、道路、建筑等具有一定空间依赖,并形成其特定的分布规律。本文以广州市海珠区为例,运用Voronoi图对高密度城区停车场空间布局特征和空间聚集度与其影响因子的空间自相关性进行了GIS系统分析。通过研究区内及各街道区域内建立停车场Voronoi多边形,计算CV值、聚类指数及停车场聚集度。分析表明:(1)在高密度城区内,全区范围及各街道区域内停车场有集聚布局的趋势。集聚核出现在西北面江南大道商业圈和北面广州新中轴线贯穿的海珠区中心区段,高密度城区停车场有围绕商圈、中心发展区等高密度城区特征,突出区域集聚的趋势。(2)人口密度、道路密度、建筑密度等因子在全局及局部上影响着停车场的空间布局,而人口密度的影响最明显。(3)高密度城市化发展水平越高,各影响因子对停车场的密度与集聚程度影响越显著。
Parking is an important part of high-density urban infrastructure, which has certain spatial dependence on population, roads and buildings, and forms its specific distribution law. Taking Haizhu District of Guangzhou City as an example, this paper uses Voronoi diagram to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of spatial layout features and spatial aggregation degree of high-density urban parking lots and their impact factors. The Voronoi polygons of parking lots were established in the study area and in each street area to calculate the CV value, clustering index and parking concentration degree. The analysis shows that: (1) In the high-density urban area, the parking lots in the whole area and each street area have the trend of concentration and distribution. The agglomeration nuclei appear in the central section of Haizhu District running through the commercial district in the northwest of Jiangnan Avenue and the new central axis of Guangzhou in the north. High-density urban parking lots have the characteristics of high-density urban areas such as shopping malls and central development areas, highlighting the trend of regional agglomeration. (2) Factors such as population density, road density and building density affect the layout of parking lots globally and locally, and the impact of population density is the most obvious. (3) The higher the level of urbanization in high-density urban areas, the more significant the impact of various factors on the density and concentration of parking lots.