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It is shown by the the law of mass action in combination with the coexistence theory of slag structure that KMn=NMnO/(NFeO[%Mn]) does not change with basicities and maintains constant at constant temperature; the oxidizing capabilities of multicomponent slag systems containing CaO, MgO etc., can be expressed by NretO=NFeO+6NFe2O3+8NFe3O4; the desulfurizing capabilities of various basic oxides for multicomponent slag systems can be calculated by Ls=8(KCasNCaO +KMgsNMgO +KFesNFeO)∑ n/[%O]; the dephosphorizing capabilities of CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-P2O5 as well as CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-P2O5 molten slags expressed respectively by LpO=(%P2O5)/[P]2 = 141.g4[%O] ∑nK00(1 +4 2 3 3 4KsN2CaO + K6N3CaO + K7N4CaO + KsNMgO + K9N3MgO + K10NFeO + K11NFeO);2 3 4LpO=(%P2O5)/[P]2 = 141.94[%O ∑nK00(1 + K10N2CO + K11NcaO + K12N4CaO+ K13N3FeO + 14N4FeO) have good agreement with practical values.