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人类精子RNA的存在已被证实,其在改变早期胚胎事件中发挥着重要作用。近年来的研究表明,父代饮食结构、应激状态等环境暴露因素可以改变非编码小RNA表达水平,从而作为父代遗传信息传递的携带者及表观遗传的标记物,改变早期胚胎发育和子代生长状况,介导获得性状的跨代遗传,这从非编码小RNA的角度,为精子表观遗传学研究提供了新的靶点。在众多研究中,精子piRNA、microRNA、tRNA的研究成果尤为显著,其广泛存在于雄性生殖细胞中,可通过相应的调控机制,介导获得性状的跨代遗传。本文将着重阐述上述3种非编码小RNA在精子表观遗传学研究中所取得的进展,为男性生殖医学研究提供新的视野。
The presence of human sperm RNA has been shown to play an important role in altering early embryonic events. In recent years, studies have shown that environmental exposure factors such as dietary structure and stress status can change the expression of small non-coding RNAs, which can be used as carriers of epigenetic messages and markers of epigenetic signals in parents to change the relationship between early embryonic development and child Generation of growth conditions, mediated transgenerational inheritance traits, which from the perspective of non-coding small RNA for sperm epigenetic studies provide a new target. In many researches, the research results of sperm piRNAs, microRNAs and tRNAs are particularly significant. They are widely found in male germ cells and can be used to mediate cross-generational inheritance of traits through corresponding regulatory mechanisms. This article will focus on the above three kinds of non-coding small RNA in sperm epigenetic progress made in the study of male reproductive medicine to provide a new perspective.