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WTO中国稀土案败诉折射出中国稀土贸易恶化的国际环境和稀土产业经济外交策略的不足。WTO框架下的稀土贸易体系实质上是由稀土消费国与供给国共同提供的一种国际公共产品,中国与西方国家分别承担了物质性与规则性公共产品的供给责任。然而,中国提供公共产品的成本过高、收益外流,造成了中国稀土贸易“成本—收益失衡”的困境。虽然我国通过经济外交手段致力于扭转这一失衡局面,但是由于实力与权力转化受阻,中国稀土资源的垄断优势未能转化为贸易优势。中国的稀土产业经济外交策略应当做出相应调整。
The failure of WTO Rare Earth in China reflects the lack of international environment for rare earth trade in China and the economic diplomacy strategy of rare earth industry. The rare earth trading system under the framework of WTO is essentially an international public product provided by the consumers and suppliers of rare earths. China and Western countries respectively assume the responsibility of supplying material and regular public goods. However, the cost of supplying public goods in China is too high and the proceeds go out of circulation, resulting in the dilemma of China’s rare earth trade “cost-income imbalance.” Although China is committed to reversing this imbalance through economic and diplomatic means, its monopoly superiority in rare earth resources has not been transformed into a trade advantage due to the impediment of transforming its power and power. China’s rare earth industry economic diplomacy strategy should be adjusted accordingly.