画院是在某一区域征集较有成绩的画家,按照一定的组织形式云集一处,进行艺术创作,服务于某一特定的群体或阶层审美需要的专门机构。据文献记载,有政府出面设置专门机构,征招各种美术人才进行艺术创作始于殷商时代。春秋战国时期,专门为诸侯作画的或制作精美工艺品的匠人被称为“史”和“客”,大多为奴仆和画工,社会地位比殷商时期工奴有了很大改善。 Painting Academy is a region in the collection of more successful painters, according to a certain form of organization gathered in a field of art creation, serve a particular group or class aesthetic needs specialized agencies. According to the historical records, some governments set up specialized agencies and recruited various art talents for artistic creation. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, tradesmen who painted or produced exquisite handicrafts for princes were called “history” and “guest,” mostly servants and painters, and their social status had been greatly improved over the slaves during the Shang dynasty.