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以乙醇/水作溶剂,氯化锌(ZnCl2)和氢氧化钠(NaOH)为原料,采用简单的低温陈化法制备出不同长径比的一维(1-D)ZnO晶须。用X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)等分别对晶须的形貌和结构进行表征。考察了乙醇与水的体积比对晶须粒径及长径比的影响,结果表明,随混合溶剂中乙醇含量升高,晶须粒径逐渐减小。同时,从晶体生长的角度对乙醇影响氧化锌晶体生长的作用机理进行了初步探讨,认为乙醇通过“表面-溶剂作用”吸附在ZnO晶体表面,使其各晶面的生长速率受到不同程度的抑制,从而达到减小晶须粒径的目的。
One-dimensional (1-D) ZnO whiskers with different aspect ratios were prepared by a simple low-temperature aging method using ethanol / water as solvent, zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as raw materials. The morphology and structure of the whiskers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The effect of the volume ratio of ethanol to water on the particle size and aspect ratio of the whiskers was investigated. The results showed that the whisker particle size decreased with the increase of ethanol content in the mixed solvent. At the same time, the mechanism of the effect of ethanol on the crystal growth of zinc oxide was preliminarily discussed from the perspective of crystal growth. It is believed that ethanol is adsorbed on the surface of the ZnO crystal through “surface-solvent effect ”, and the growth rate of each crystal plane is affected by different degrees Inhibition, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the whisker particle size.