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随着国内外越来越多低压油气藏的发现,沉积盆地中低压形成机制及其与油气成藏的关系日益受到重视。通过对国内外相关文献的调研,系统总结了低压成因方面的研究现状、存在问题及发展趋势。将低压成因归纳为4个方面:①岩石孔隙空间增大;②孔隙流体体积减小;③流体承压高度降低;④原始压力的保存。同时指出,低压形成的根本原因就是孔隙流体的供排不平衡。针对低压油气藏形成各种控制因素的定量模拟和评价以及低压油气藏的压力演化等方面的研究将是今后的主要方向。
With the discovery of more and more low-pressure reservoirs both at home and abroad, the formation mechanism of middle-low pressure in the sedimentary basin and its relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation have attracted more and more attention. Through the investigation of related literatures at home and abroad, the research status, existing problems and development trends of low pressure genesis are systematically summarized. The causes of low pressure are summarized into four aspects: ① the pore space of the rock increases; ② the volume of the pore fluid decreases; ③ the pressure of the fluid decreases; ④ the preservation of the original pressure. At the same time, it is pointed out that the fundamental reason for the formation of low pressure is the unbalanced supply and discharge of pore fluid. Research on the quantitative simulation and evaluation of various control factors for the formation of low-pressure reservoirs and the pressure evolution of low-pressure reservoirs will be the main directions in the future.